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Posts Tagged ‘Education’

Iris_Connect at Balby Carr

Tuesday, May 15th, 2012

Balby11 300x168 Iris Connect at Balby Carr

The other day, I was invited up to Balby Car School for part of their Professional Learning Day. My interest was principally upon seeing how the school was using Iris_Connect, an innovative system for self-reflection, observation and professional development that the school had recently implemented.

Iris_Connect, for those of you not familiar with the system, is a service which supports teachers to implement reflective practice for the purpose of reviewing and improving their teaching. Using Iris, teachers can observe their own lessons or invite a colleague to observe a lesson and also add comments based upon the observation. This can be done in real time or by use of recordings. By being able to view recorded sessions, the system fress up schools from needing to arrange for observer(s) to be free at the same time as the teacher delivers the session. The flexibility of the Iris_Connect system is one of its benefits in schools along with potential cost savings.

At Balby Carr, the initiative was being led by Matthew and Lisa, two very enthusiatic teachers. They had been using the system for a while themselves and had clearly been seeing the benefits of it, they had also got a number of other staff to use the system, they too had very positive experiences of it. The Professional Learning Day was the opportunity for Matthew and Lisa to introduce the system to the wider staff and to allow them to have some experience of it. For the day, a few staff had pre-recorded lessons so that other staff could see how easy it was to observe and add comments about the lessons. The system itself is easy to use and staff were impressed that comments they made were timne-linked and so could be clearly asociated with specific points or incidencies within the lesson.

After some workgroup sessions, the staff were invited to submit their comments about Iris_Connect and how it might be used in the school. These comments were divided into ‘hot’ and ‘not’. It was very refreshing to see that the overwhelming majority of comments were in the ‘hot’ category and nearly all the ‘not’ were not really negative points but were people expressing worries or anxieties, almost all of which could be easily addressed. So overall it was a very positive ‘thumbs up’ for the Iris_Connect system.

I stated earlier on that Iris_Connect can be used for self relection or observation by others. Matthew and Lisa, very rightly in my opinion, emphasised to staff that it is probably best to start with self-observation. This is important to my mind because Iris_Connect is primarily about reflective practice; the ability of teachers to observe their own lessons or their own practice, to observe and acknowledge what went right as well as anything that may have gone wrong, with a view to strengthening their skills and improving their teaching.

I think it is also important to start with self-observation because Iris_Connect is seen primarily as a tool for teachers to use. It is important, therefore, that teachers feel comfortable in using it, feel that they own whatever product or benefit that comes from using  it and feel at liberty to use the system in support of their own professional development. It is also often true that when a person first starts to use a system such as Iris_Connect to observe their own practice, they are likely to be critical of their performance; this is human nature and it is usually things we may not like that we observe first, it is only when we become used to such a system that we can start to effectively use it to observe our positive practices.

In all, I had a great and positive day at Balby Carr and I am grateful to the staff at the school for allowing me to share in their professionalism.

If you would like to know more about Iris Connect, their website is www.irisconnect.co.uk

 Iris Connect at Balby Carr
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Education Technology; Teaching Tool or Learning Tool?

Monday, April 2nd, 2012

300px Interactive whiteboard2 Education Technology; Teaching Tool or Learning Tool?
Image via Wikipedia

Yesterday, I read this great short blog post from @kylepace entitled Good Vs Great Teachers. In the article, Kyle criticises another author who appeared to believe that educational technology was a waste of time because it would never replace good teachers. All in all I would agree very much with Kyle’s response, which is basically that good teachers embrace the technology and what it offers, to become Great teachers.

I posted a tweet on Twitter, inviting my followers to take a look at the article but I also posed the question, does the article still look upon education technology as a teaching tool rather than a learning tool? The purpose of this post on my blog is to attempt to explain what I meant by that.

We’ve had computers in schools for around 30 years now. I’m still surprised when I encounter a colleague who still questions whether we should have computers in schools. I remind them just how long they have been around in education and, if I’m feeling particularly narked, I ask what my colleague has been doing all this time? (I wonder why I have no friends!)

As I say, we’ve had computers for around 30 years and, in that time, the nature of the technology and its uses have changed considerably. No longer is a computer a device which only one, or possibly two, people could use at a time when sat at a monitor screen. Nowadays, we can project computer images to large groups and classes via interactive whiteboards. The computer in the classroom is no longer the sole preserve of the teacher, who says who can use it and when. Now each pupil can have their own computer, on a desk, on their lap or in their pocket.

Originally, pupils could engage in the learning software that their teacher presented to them. Nowadays, pupils can locate their own resources and share them with peers. They can use computers to collaborate on projects and other learning work. They can create their own materials and display or broadcast them to an audience. Their audience, or their peer group, is no longer confined to the members of their own school, year or class group, that audience is now to be found beyond school or even national boundaries.

What is echoing in my mind, are the words I first heard from John Davitt, “we need to move learners from being passive consumers of technology into becoming creative users of that technology” . I feel that this shift has been happening over the years and needs to continue to progress. The technology is no longer just a tool for the teacher, it is no a tool for the learner.

I sometimes find myself saying to teachers, particularly those who have some reticence or lack confidence in using ICT, that it does not matter so much how you use technology, what matters most is how you allow and enable your learners to use technology.

So, for me, educational technology is a tool more for the learner than the teacher. That is not to deny the role that technology has in supporting the teacher in their work and in their approaches to learning but that it is the use of technology by the learner that is key to the future of education.

For me, a good teacher is one who uses technology in their work ( see my article elsewhere on good teachers and technology), a great teacher is one who extends that to encourage, support and develop their learners’ use of technology in their learning.

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3 Styles of Online Teaching

Wednesday, March 21st, 2012

One of the most enjoyable aspects of my current work is the training and working with teachers to deliver live lessons online. It is really insightful to observe how some teachers structure and utilise technology to present and teach their subject to learners worldwide.

6424419439 c7ddbb8737 m44 3 Styles of Online Teaching

E-learning short courses (Photo credit: London College of Fashion short courses)

From these observations, it has been possible for me to identify 3 broad styles or types of delivery employed by teachers online. While I’m not yet in a position to identify which approach is the most successful, the easiest or the best to adopt in online teaching, I thought it might be useful to identify and outline each of these approaches.

The first approach is one in which the teacher tries to replicate as far as possible, the same experience that a student would get in a face-to-face session. This approach is often based upon a philosophy that the purpose of online teaching is to bring face-to-face or classroom teaching to distant students. In this approach, the ideal would be for the technology to be ‘invisible’, for the connection to simply ‘work’ and for the focus to be on the subject matter just as it would be in a real classroom. This approach has the advantages in that the teacher , and indeed the student, does not need to be technically savvy; the teacher just needs to teach a subject in a manner similar to classroom delivery. A disadvantage could be that if the teacher’s classroom teaching is not good, putting it online is not going to make it any better; poor classroom teaching when put online only leads to poor online teaching (and there’s probably already too much of that!).

A problem with this approach is that, as we all know, technology doesn’t always work as it should (or as we believe it should!). When technology doesn’t automatically do what we want it to do, then we need to have enough skills or information to get it to do what we want. This is true for an online teacher just as much as it is for any other user of technology. So to be an effective online teacher, you do need to be tech savvy or to have immediate and effective support available to you.

Another problem behind this approach is that there is often an underlying assumption that face-to-face teaching is always better or preferable than online teaching. The only purpose of online teaching in this approach is to overcome the distance between teacher and student. As most of my own teaching experience has been face-to-face, I used to have some sympathy with the belief that face-to-face teaching is better than online teaching, however, my work in training and observing online teaching has led me to question this.

This leads nicely to the second approach which I have seen in several online teachers. This approach views online teaching almost as a different pedagogy from classroom or face-to-face teaching. This approach regards the technology as more than just a delivery mechanism; it is also seen as a resource (or range of resources) which can be utilised to present and engage students in their learning. For teachers following this approach, a shared online whiteboard, online videos, chat or messaging tools, live webcam communication, screen sharing (or application sharing) , online breakout rooms and file exchange, are all regarded as resources or tools to be used appropriately in delivering a lesson.

A drawback of this approach is that the teacher certainly does need to be tech savvy in order to recognise and utilise the various online tools available to them and the student. It also takes some insight, imagination and experience in seeing potential ways in which current resources can be adapted and presented online or, indeed, how new online learning resources can be created and deployed successfully. Of course, a lot of this can come with experience of teaching online but, as well as experience, there needs to be a belief in the possibilities of online teaching and a determination to explore and make things work for you and your learners.

Adopting this approach also requires teacher training or professional development (as a trainer, you would expect me to say that, wouldn’t you?). This approach also identifies that online teaching is a new skillset, which teachers need to acquire. In essence, to be a good classroom teacher is not enough to be a good online teacher.

We all know how difficult it is to find money to fund professional development; it is often the first thing to be cut when drawing up budgets! This leads to perhaps the third approach I observe in online teaching.

To call this approach an ‘approach’ is almost certainly misleading. It is not based upon any philosophy but is probably best regarded as a ‘fallback’ approach which is adopted by an online teacher who is still uncomfortable or unfamiliar with the technology. The approach is perhaps similar to poor lecturing in a real-life situation. The teacher starts to talk a lot, talks at the learners (rather than to them or with them), materials presented on screen (if there are any) tend to be text-based only and the teacher talks through them (rather like a poor powerpoint style presentation). The teacher tends to talk faster, in a desire to get to the end, and almost inevitably the learners become disengaged and may even leave the online session.

I am sure anyone who has experienced online learning or who has taught online will be able to recognise the above scenario. It might be argued that this is an indication that online teaching is not for everyone. I wouldn’t argue with this but I would put forward the case for better training (ahem!) for online teachers as a means of overcoming this ‘approach’.

So let me conclude by saying that I have put forward these 3 styles of online teaching based upon my experiences and observations so far. I am not saying these are the only approaches possible and at this stage I am not saying that approach 1 or 2 is best (I think we’d agree that approach 3 is not desirable!). My ‘gut-feeling’ , for what it’s worth, is that online teaching, just like classroom teaching, should allow for a range of styles and approaches in teaching and learning. I am becoming more convinced, though, that good classroom teaching does not translate into good online teaching without effective training and sufficient technical understanding.

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E-learning, Why does it have such a Bad Name?

Monday, March 5th, 2012

683237726 1a41ee505b m3 E learning, Why does it have such a Bad Name?

Image by dougwoods via Flickr

E-learning is unpopular with learners, and not always popular with teachers, there can be little doubt about that but why should that be the case?

I have made quite a bold statement there and some of you may question it, that’s great and please add your view or experience in the comments. Before you do though, I’d like you to consider this question;

If you had the choice between studying a subject being taught by a teacher in the classroom or online via the internet, which would you choose?

Almost without fail, most people would opt for the first option. Why would that be? Is it because that’s what they’re used to? Is it because they feel that offers a better educational experience? Is online education  perceived as a second best option?

My own experiences as a learner of e-learning has not been very good; I found the e-learning course to be very didactic and geared more towards instruction or training rather than education or study. I know that I am not alone in this experience as I have come across many others who have had similar expeiences.

Most tools for elearning appear to have been developed first for the commercial sector and were employed by companies or global organisations to train their workforce. The requirement in such instances has been more for training, instruction or presentation. These tools have since been adopted to provide elearning experiences within the education sector but here the demand would be for education and learning. It seems that the tools have not been completely adaptable for these different approaches. The result is that students find online courses restrictive and teachers find themselves limited by the technology.

Of course, this shouldn’t be the case, technology should be enhancing and enabling rather than limiting. If you were to attend a learning technologies conference, you would hear many presenters talk about new and exciting possibilities in using elearning, if you attend a learning technologies market place, however, you are likely to find that what is on offer is the same old tools. Nowhere has this been more evident to me than at the Learning technologies exhibition held in London, where there seems to be a very marked dichotomy between what is presented in conference and what is on sale in the exhibition space.

So, where are we going wrong, if we are? Is it that we are trying to take pre-packaged tools rather than design the learning experiences from scratch? Is it that we still design elearning from the point of view of a teacher or trainer rather than the learner? Is it, quite simply, that elearning is only an option when traditional teaching methods are not available? Or maybe the problem is that there’s a darn cat sat on my computer? (see pic)

Quite honestly, I’d very much welcome any views or comments on this matter, either here in the comments or via twitter.

 

No sooner had I posted this article than I came across this post http://bit.ly/gVyusu which in part compares traditional learning in the HE sector with online learning. It presents a quite different point of view and is well worth reading.

 E learning, Why does it have such a Bad Name?
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ICT in Education and Five Stages of Grief

Monday, February 20th, 2012

150x101 ICT in Education and Five Stages of Grief
Image by Getty Images via @daylife

Those of us involved in counselling or in change management will be familiar with the five stages of grief. These constitute the Kubler-Ross theory or model of change and adjustment. It is not uncommon to see people go through these stages as part of the grieving process following the death of another person. It is also recognised that people involved in organisations or companies can go through a similar process when the company is changed following, say, a takeover or a closure.

The five stages of the Kubler-Ross model are;

Denial, Anger, Bargaining (or negotiation), Despair (or Depression), and Acceptance

I bring this up here because it appears to me that many people and organisations involved in education technology, or ICT, in the UK have recently been going (or are still going) through this process.

This has been brought about, I feel certain, by the recent government announcement of the closure of Becta, the early termination of BSF programmes and a lack of clear government policy toward the use of technology in education. This has led to many people being made redundant or, at the least, uncertain about their future, it has also led to many groups, schools and professionals feeling uncertain about their position and the continuing role of ICT in schools.

It is hardly surprising that many individuals will have been experiencing these stages of grief, or change, what may be less clear is how organisations may also be experiencing these stages as they try to reposition themselves for the future.

I shall not here go through a description of each of the stages but I feel it has been understandable how some people have at first expressed some disbelief at the decisions that have been made by the new government and also some anger. I feel the protests seen outside parliament on July 19th were conceived out of both disbelief and anger. Other groups have tried to approach the government minister to try to bargain or negotiate on their position, with very little success it would appear. Perhaps now we are at the stage of despair moving into acceptance.

It is important that we all, individuals and organisations, come to the point of acceptance, for it is only when we reach that point that we can start to move forward again.

Moving forward is what we really need to be doing at this time. It seems to ne that the new government has given us two issues to tackle;

Firstly,  ICT in education is not important

and,

Secondly that central government shall have no role to play in the decision making as to how schools use ICT, such decisions shall be made by schools themselves, parents their communities and ‘big’ society.

It is my belief that the first issue is NOT the one we should be addressing. The message that ICT is not important has been put across as a result of decisions to axe BSF (Building Schools for the Future), the lack of any ‘policy’ toward education technology (either before or since the election) and a rather ill-informed speech on education given by a minister. At worst this is just an inference of the government’s failure to understand the role and importance of ICT. People failing to understand the significance of ICT in education is something we have probably all had to face for years from colleagues and sceptics, while it is disappointing that the government has appeared to side with the sceptics, our task here is simply to continue with vigour the training and promoting of ICT that we have all been doing for so long.

It is the second issue that we need to address with more urgency and import. This government is set upon a course of reducing or removing the role of central government in many aspects of our lives and giving power to a more local level. In the case of education, this appears to be to schools and parents. For those of us in ICT and education ,this would appear to mean that instead of dealing, as had previously been the case, with central government via its agency, Becta, we shall have to deal with schools more directly. It may also mean that schools, who may previously have relied upon Becta or their Local Authority for support and guidance may have to become more self-reliant or rely upon each other.

I feel that there is a future need for structures or mechanisms of support and guidance to be put in place for schools in terms of ICT progression. Such structures would not just be for schools but also for parents, communities, education suppliers and individuals. I do not believe that they need to be rigid structures but flexible structures that can be utilised to meet the needs of schools etc. as and when required. I do not believe, therefore, that we need a new body to replace Becta, which may always have been too far distant from schools, but for new organisations or groups and new ways of working to be brought into play.

I do believe at the present that the organisation, NAACE, could be in the best position  to start fulfilling some of those roles. Its membership not only includes local authority advisors but also independent ICT consultants, schools and teachers, it also has links within the industry and suppliers. There is certainly the knowledge and skills within the organisation to take on new roles if its constitution, budgets and membership decisions allow.

So we need not despair about the future, we should accept the situation and begin to build for the future.

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6 Ways ICT Can Improve Education

Monday, February 13th, 2012

150x100 6 Ways ICT Can Improve Education
Image by Getty Images via Daylife

It seems to me that there are 6 ways in which we can use ICT to improve education. I make no claims for the originality of these ways, indeed the first 3 have come from a forum discussion with Peter Twining on the Vital website (you may need a login to see the Vital page).

These 6 areas are;

  1. Support – Using ICT to allow us to do things more effectively or efficiently but without changing the fundamental curriculum or pedagogic approach
  2. Extend – Using ICT to present things in new ways or using ICT to access resources which would otherwise be difficult to access
  3. Transform – allowing us to do new or different things that would not be possible without the technology and thereby changing the curriculum or pedagogy
  4. Engagement – involving learners in activities through the motivational influence of technology or the functional use of technology (e.g. access from home as well as school) or social engagement (e.g. with fellow learners or between families and school)
  5. Inclusion – using ICT to overcome learner disabilities or disadvantages
  6. Improvement – saving time, being able to enrich a learning experience or using ICT to make a learning outcome possible which might not otherwise have been possible.

I claim no great originality in any of these but it does suggest to me that we might have the basis of a framework or matrix by which staff or institutions can record their use of ICT and the impact it has.

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Five and a Half Reasons to Introduce ELearning into High Schools

Monday, February 6th, 2012

Five and a half reasons to introduce elearning into high schools.

Up to now, elearning has been the preserve of tertiary education (colleges, universities) and industry. I want to explore reasons why it could be useful in secondary education as well. I have called this post 51/2 reasons (5 and a half reasons, not five half-reasons) because I’m not fully convinced the final reason is a valid one.

Before I start, I feel a need to clarify what I mean by ‘eLearning’. It has become clear to me that there is some confusion over the term as different people take it to mean or to include somewhat different things. My definition of elearning is largely learning that is done online. In this definition, I do not include using computers and software in a classroom as part of a lesson. To me that is what I have been doing and promoting for years; it is now the norm in teaching(*) whereas online learning is not, or not yet, part of the norm.

So, what are these 6 (or 5 and 1/2) reasons we should introduce elearning into high schools?

1. Teaching less popular subjects and/or additional subjects. Let’s say you have a group of students who want to learn economics or parapsychology or African biology but you’ve not got a teacher or a classroom or a timetable slot to allow this, what can you do? The traditional answer would be that you don’t offer those subjects and tell your students to pick another subject, which also risks potential students opting for another school which does offer those subjects. Elearning offers the opportunity to provide such courses in a number of possible ways, such as linking with another institution and sharing teaching resources online, buying-in courses provided by outside educational bodies or sharing a teacher from another institution. In this way, elearning can enable a school not only to offer a wider range of subjects but also to make the school more appealing for potential students.

2. Teaching difficult to reach students. There are a range of students who might be considered ‘difficult to reach’ and for whom elearning may hold some potential. Let’s consider students who cannot physically attend school or who can do so only on a restricted basis, such as traveller children, sick or hospital students, young carers and excluded students. while these students remain on the attendance books of a school, the school has a responsibility for their education. Where such students acnnot attend school, then elearning has the potential to reach them and to provide them with a level of education despite their chosen or enforced circumstances.

3. Sharing teacher capacity. We know that teachers are expensive but also important. Yet schools cannot always ensure the availability of quality teachers able to provide teaching across all subject areas. Schools may experience either temporary or long-term teacher shortages. Elearning has the potential to mitigate this by allowing teachers to teach groups in different institutions. So a school with a teacher or teachers particularly skilled in teaching a particular area or subject, say advanced calculus, can offer the teaching services of a teacher to teach advanced calculus, online, to students at another school which does not have such a teacher. In return for part payment of the teacher time or for the the second school offering online teaching in another area or subject. Of course, this arrangement need not apply only to the sharing of a physical teacher but also to any range of teaching resources a school may have to offer online which another school may lack.

4. Alternative to Homework. I know this is a thorny issue but homework in its traditional sense is largely an out-dated concept which, even in its heyday, rarely reflected sound educational practice. Traditionally, homework, where the teacher remembered to set it, usually involved reading a passage from a book, writing an essay, doing textbook exercises, all of which usually reflected or repeated what had been taught in class and rarely provided the student with extra insight or learning. Elearning has the potential to offer students much more than this by becoming an extension to class teaching and an enhancement to student learning. The only caveat is, of course, that the student should have access to online resources out of school hours.

5. Timetable flexibility. Anyone who has ever had to face the task of timetabling or scheduling will know it can be a nightmare to match subjects, teachers, classrooms and groups of students together. By incorporating elearning options within subjects, a school may be afforded greater flexibility in its timetabling. A class does not always require a teacher to supervise or lead elearning, therefore one group of students studying a subject may do so online for a period while another group is led by a teacher.

6. Saving money. This is the half reason. I know some people in schools will jump at an opportunity to save money and I’d sympathise with them if I had responsibility for budget control. However, I’m not fully convinced that elearning will always be money saving. Sure, providing learning online can be cheaper than paying for a teacher but there is also a lot of finance and time that has to be supported in setting up online facilities, developing online resources and monitoring/maintaining systems and these should not be overlooked in a rush to engage in elearning. Nevertheless, in a long term, elearning may have the potential to save money and if anyone can achieve this and maintain a delivery of quality learning then I’d be more than happy to talk to them!

Bonus. Extra Support Learning. We all recognise that there are some students who have the potential to learn but who learn more slowly than their peers or who sometimes need materials presented in certain ways in order to better grasp their significance. Such groups of students may include those with special needs but not exclusively so; it could also include those with language barriers and those with attention difficulties. For such groups, elearning has the potential to offer extra learning opportunities in addition to their regular class-based sessions. Elearning also has the potential to offer resources in particular ways or formats (such as audio podcasts) for students who find it easier to learn in such ways. Even for your high-flying students, elearning has the potential to offer extra learning support in which to extend their thinking and knowledge within the subject.

I’m sure there may be many other reasons or benefits of elearning in secondary education, if you know of any, please add them as a comment.

 

 

 Five and a Half Reasons to Introduce ELearning into High Schools
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